Faith & Reason Nexus

• Frequency of Mention: The Holy Spirit is mentioned approximately 88 times in the Old Testament.
• References in Books: Referred to in 23 Old Testament books.
• Absence in Certain Books: Not specifically mentioned in 16 Old Testament books.
• Variety of Names: 18 different names are applied to the Holy Spirit in the Old Testament.
• Specific Naming: Explicitly called “The Holy Spirit” only three times in the Old Testament.
• Psalm 51:1, Isaiah 63:10-11

Understanding the Transition: Old Testament to New Testament

In John 14/17, the distinction between the Holy Spirit’s role in the Old Testament and the New Testament becomes evident. The Holy Spirit was “WITH” people in the Old Testament, while in the New Testament, the Spirit is described as being “IN” them.

Summary of the Holy Spirit’s Activity in the Old Testament:

1. Creative Presence: The Holy Spirit played a role in the creation (Genesis 1:2; Psalm 104:30).
2. Dreams and Revelation: He manifested in revealing dreams (Genesis 41:15, 38).
3. Prophetic Vision: The Spirit provided prophetic vision (Judges 24:2; Micah 3:8).
4. Empowering Rulers: He bestowed power upon rulers (Judges 6:34; 1 Samuel 16:13).
5. Revelation in Workmanship: The Spirit revealed Himself in craftsmanship (Exodus 21:1-5).