- Definition: The most frightful and inhumane form of punishment ever known.
- Origin: Tradition attributes the origin of crucifixion to Semiramis, Queen of Assyria.
- Practiced By:
- Egyptians
- Carthaginians
- Persians
- Germans
- Assyrians
- Greeks
- Romans
- Historical Events:
- Roman General Vaus crucified 2,000 Jews in one day at the gates of Jerusalem.
- After the war with Spartacus, 10,000 slaves were crucified between Capua and Rome.
- Cultural Context:
- Crucifixion as a form of punishment was unknown to the Hebrews.
- Only the vilest of criminals were subjected to crucifixion.
- Crimes Leading to Crucifixion:
- Robbery
- Sedition
- Piracy
- Assassination
- Treason
- Perjury
- Desertion from the army
- Legal Protections:
- The Jus Civitatis protected Roman citizens against crucifixion, meaning they could not be subjected to this punishment.

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